Why Women Are More Likely to Have Low Iron Levels

Iron is an essential mineral that helps your body make haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen around the body. When iron levels are low, your body may not get enough oxygen to support daily energy, focus and stamina. This can leave you feeling tired, weak, dizzy or breathless.

Women are more likely to experience low iron because of monthly periods, pregnancy, and higher iron needs during certain life stages. The NIH lists pregnant women and women with heavy menstrual bleeding among the groups most at risk of iron inadequacy.

1. Monthly periods can reduce iron stores

Every month, women lose blood during menstruation, and iron is lost with that blood. For women with heavy or longer periods, iron loss can be even higher over time.

The NHS notes that heavy periods and pregnancy are very common causes of iron deficiency anaemia.

2. Pregnancy increases iron needs

During pregnancy, the body needs more iron to support increased blood volume and the growing baby. If iron intake is not enough, levels may drop more easily.

Low iron during pregnancy should always be managed with medical guidance, as it can affect both mother and baby. The NIH notes that iron deficiency during pregnancy is linked with higher risk of premature birth and low birthweight.

3. Diet may not provide enough iron

Women who eat very little meat, follow a plant-based diet, skip meals, or have low appetite may not get enough iron from food.

Iron from plant foods is called non-heme iron, and it is not absorbed as easily as iron from animal sources. Pairing iron-rich plant foods with Vitamin C can help support absorption.

Common signs of low iron

Low iron can feel like everyday tiredness, so it is easy to ignore. Common signs may include:

  • Feeling tired or weak
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Pale skin
  • Fast heartbeat
  • Headaches
  • Cold hands and feet
  • Brittle nails

If these symptoms continue, it is best to speak to a healthcare professional and check your iron levels instead of guessing. Too much iron can also be harmful, so supplements should be used carefully.

How to support healthy iron levels

To support iron intake, include more iron-rich foods such as leafy greens, lentils, beans, meat, fortified cereals, dried fruit and pulses. The NHS also recommends reducing tea, coffee and dairy around iron-rich meals, as these can make it harder for the body to absorb iron. 

Women are more likely to have low iron because their bodies lose and need more iron at different stages of life. Supporting iron levels can help support energy, oxygen transport, stamina and overall wellness.

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